이 프로젝트는 나와 내 프린터 (HP Deskjet 2710e)가 동업자로서 함께 작업을 제작하면서 서로를 알아가는 과정을 기록한 것이다. HP Deskjet 2710e는 2022년 9월 29일에 구매한 홈프린터다. 와이파이 연결도 잘 안 되고 인쇄 질도 좋지 않은 열악한 이 프린터에게서 나는 같은 생산자이자 기록자로서의 동질감을 느꼈다. 어째서 이 프린터는 나에게 구매되어 내 책상 위에 있을 수 있었는지, 그리고 이 프린터가 하는 기록 행위는 과연 어떤 의의를 가지고 있는지를 탐구하고 이 동질감의 원인을 밝히는 것이 이번 프로젝트의 본질적인 기록 목표이다.
본 프로젝트는 서론과 본론을 제외하고 4개의 파트로 나뉘어져있다.
'2. Functions and Usages'는 이 프린터가 가지고 있는 기능이 무엇이며 어떤 특징들이 의의를 가질 수 있는지를 탐구한다. '3. Monks and Part-time workers'는 프린터의 역사적 측면에서 이 프린터가 보여주는 동시대의 위상이 무엇인지 상상해본다. '4. Intermediary'는 재물질화를 진행하는 재생산자로써의 프린터의 활동을 매체주의적 관점에서 바라본다. '5. Home as an Office'는 '홈 프린터'라는 집과 사무실의 경계를 흐리게 하는 특징을 조명한다.
서로에게 동질감을 느낀 이유를 하나씩 알아가는 과정은 마치 하나씩 서로를 닮아가는 과정처럼 보일 것이다.
This project records the process of me and my printer (HP Deskjet 2710e) getting to know each other while working together as partners. The HP Deskjet 2710e is a home printer purchased on September 29, 2022. From this poor printer with a poor Wi-Fi connection and print quality, I felt a sense of homogeneity as the same producer and recorder. The essential recording goal of this project is to find why this printer was purchased from me and could be on my desk, what significance the recording behaviour of this printer has and, in consequence, why I felt the homogeneity.
The project is divided into four chapters, excluding the introduction and conclusion. On '2. Functions and Usages', I explore what features this printer has and what features can be noteworthy. '3. Monks and Part-time workers' is the part imagining what contemporary status this printer shows in terms of its history. '4. Intermediary' looks at the printer's activities as a reproducer in rematerialisation from a materialist perspective. Lastly, '5. Home as an Office' pays attention to the characteristic of this object, called 'home printer', which blurs the boundary between home and office.
The process of getting to know the reasons for feeling homogeneity with each other one by one will seem like a process of becoming similar to each other one by one.
An email for my printer.
2022, Inkjet printing on paper, A4.
A reply from my printer.
2022, Inkjet printing on paper, A4.
"All the basics, now with easy-to-use features. Print, scan, copy, simple setup with HP Smart app and worry-free wireless. Choose HP+ and get the smart printing system that keeps you connected and ready to print from virtually anywhere." [HP Official site]
Model name HP DeskJet 2710e All-in-One Printer Product number 26K72B
What's included and accessories
What's in the box HP DeskJet 2710e All-in-One Printer; HP 305 Setup Black Cartridge; HP 305 Setup Tri-Color Cartridge; Regulatory flyer; Setup guide; Reference guide; Power cord. For ink volume and page yield information, visit http://www.hp.com/go/learnaboutsupplies
Connectivity
Ports 1 Wireless 802.11a/b/g/n; 1 Hi-Speed USB 2.0 Wireless capability Yes Storage device and direct print support Storage devices not supported
Copy
Copier settings Auto-enlarge Color copy capability Yes Maximum number of copies Up to 9 copies Copy reduce / enlarge settings Via HP Smart app Copy resolution Up to 300 x 300 dpi
Environmental
Acoustic power emissions (active, printing) 6.2 B(A) Acoustic pressure emissions 48 dB(A) Recommended operating humidity range 20 to 80% RH (non-condensing) Non-Operating Humidity Range 5 to 90% RH (non-condensing) Recommended operating temperature range (Celsius) 15 to 30°C Storage temperature range (Celsius) -40 to 60°C Environmental specifications None
Fax
Fax available Yes, mobile fax (send only) Fax features Option to add files from your phone file/photos; Camera scan or printer scanner; Option to easily add cover page and save the cover page template; Access to fax history to see all sent faxes and drafts; Ability to edit and resend fax from history; Easily print fax confirmation
Modem: None
Memory
Memory 64 MB DDR1; 20 MB Flash Maximum Memory 64 MB DDR1; 20 MB Flash
Mobile printing capability
Mobile printing services Apple AirPrint™; Chrome OS; HP Smart app; Mopria-certified
Paper handling
Input capacity Up to 60 sheets Standard input capacity (cards) Up to 20 cards Standard input capacity (envelopes) Up to 5 Output capacity Up to 25 sheets Media sizes supported (metric) A4; B5; A6; DL envelope Media sizes supported (U.S. standard) Letter; legal; 4 x 6 in; 5 x 7 in; 8 x 10 in; No. 10 envelopes Media sizes, custom (metric) 89 x 127 to 215 x 279 mm Media sizes, custom (U.S. standard) 3 x 5 to 8.5 x 14 in Media types Plain paper, photo paper, brochure paper, envelopes and other specialty inkjet papers Media weight supported (metric) A4: 60 to 90 g/m²; HP envpes: 75 to 90 g/m²; HP cards: up to 200 g/m²; HP 10 x 15 cm photo paper: up to 300 g/m² Media weight supported (U.S. standard) Letter: 16 to 32 lb; HP envelopes: 20 to 24 lb; HP cards: up to 110 lb; HP 4 x 6 inch photo paper: up to 145 lb Borderless printing No
Paper handling - ADF
Automatic document feeder capacity No
Paper handling - duplexer
Media sizes, duplex (U.S. standard) Not Applicable
Physical dimensions
Maximum dimensions (W x D x H, metric) 425 x 546 x 250 mm (Output Extension fully out) Maximum dimensions (W x D x H, U.S. standard) 16.7 x 21.5 x 9.8 inch (Output Extension fully out) Weight (metric) 3.42 kg Weight (U.S. standard) 7.55 lb
Power
Power supply type Internal Power supply Input voltage 220 to 240 VAC (+/- 10%), 50/60 Hz (+/- 3Hz) Power consumption 2.5 Watts (Ready) ; 1.1 Watts (Sleep); 0.15 Watts (Off) ; 0.15 Watts (Auto-off)
Print cartridges
Number of print cartridges 2 (1 each black, tri-color) Replacement cartridges HP 305 Black Original Ink Cartridge (~120 pages yield) 3YM61AE; HP 305XL Black High-Yield Original Ink Cartridge (~240 pages yield) 3YM62AE; HP 305 Tri-Color Original Ink Cartridge (~100 pages yield) 3YM60AE; HP 305XL Tri-Color High-Yield Original Ink Cartridge (~200 pages yield) 3YM63AE. Actual yield varies considerably based on content of printed pages and other factors. For details see http://www.hp.com/go/learnaboutsupplies
Printing specifications
Print technology HP Thermal Inkjet Duplex printing Manual (driver support provided) Print speed black (ISO) Up to 7.5 ppm Print speed color (ISO) Up to 5.5 ppm Print resolution (best) Up to 1200X 1200 rendered dpi (when printing from a computer)
Maximum print area (metric) 215 x 355 mm Monthly duty cycle Up to 1000 pages Print languages HP PCL 3 GUI; HP PCLm (HP Apps/UPD); URF (AirPrint)
Regulatory specifications
Safety IEC 60950-1:2005 +A1:2009 +A2:2013, EN 60950-1:2006 +A11:2009 +A1:2010 +A12:2011 +A2:2013, IEC 62368-1:2014, EN 62368-1:2014 +A11:2017, EN 62479:2010, EN 62311:2008 Electromagnetic compatibility EN 55032:2015 / CISPR 32:2015 Class B, EN 55024:2010 / CISPR 24:2010, EN 55035:2017 / CISPR 35:2016, EN 61000-3-2:2014 / IEC 61000-3-2:2014, EN 61000-3-3:2013 / IEC 61000-3-3:2013, EN 301 489-1 V2.1.1:2017, EN 301 489-17 V3.1.1:2017 Telecom compliance (fax capability) EN 300 328 V2.1.1:2016; EN 301 893 V2.2.1:2017
Scan
Scan technology Contact Image Sensor (CIS) Scan resolution, hardware Up to 1200 x 1200 dpi Levels of grayscale 256 Bit depth 24-bit Scanning options (ADF) Not Applicable Maximum flatbed scan size (metric) 216 x 297 mm Maximum flatbed scan size (U.S. standard) 8.5 x 11.69 in Twain version Version 2.1
System requirements
Minimum system requirements for Windows Windows 10, Windows 7 Service Pack 1 (SP1): 32/64-bit, 2 GB available hard disk space, Internet connection, Internet Explorer Recommended system requirements for Windows Windows 10, Windows 7 Service Pack 1 (SP1): 32/64-bit, 2 GB available hard disk space, Internet connection, Internet Explorer Minimum System Requirements for Macintosh macOS v10.14 Mojave, macOS v10.15 Catalina, macOS v11 Big Sur; 2 GB available hard disk space; Internet required Recommended Macintosh system requirements macOS v10.14 Mojave, macOS v10.15 Catalina, macOS v11 Big Sur; Compatible Network Operating Systems Windows 11; Windows 10; Windows 7; macOS 10.12 Sierra; macOS 10.13 High Sierra; macOS 10.14 Mojave; macOS 10.15 Catalina; Chrome OS
Warranty
Manufacturer Warranty Up to 2 years HP Warranty. 24-hour, 7 days a week Web support; Business hour phone support within warranty period.
Ink Test.
2022, Inkjet printing on paper, 11 pages, A4 (each).
Printer Quality Test.
2022, Inkjet printing on paper, 28 pages, A4 (each).
"We ourselves are copies. (D. Owen, 2004)"
기본적으로 복사를 하는 행위는 수련과 전도를 위한 수도승의 종교적 행동이었다. 죽은 뒤에도 그 지식이 유지될 수 있도록 하는 기록 행위가 종교적인 것이 된 것은 어찌보면 당연한 결과일 수도 있다. 여러 종교 의례에서 경전을 읽거나 수행을 위해 필사를 하는 행동을 통해 현재까지도 이러한 기록과 관련된 종교적 행위가 행해지고 있다.
종교가 권력의 중심 중세에는 이러한 기록 행위가 일종의 국가의 힘을 보여주는 역할을 수행하기도 했다. 권력의 중심이 정부와 자본이 된 근대가 시작되며, 종교가 수행하던 다양한 공적 업무들도 정부와 기업으로 이행되었다. 이러한 이행의 과정 속에서 경전을 쓰고 복사를 하는 주체 또한 정부와 기업으로 바뀌었다. 각종 헌법과 출판물, 그리고 서류 작업물들은 근대 사회 속에서 일종의 새로운 경전으로써 자리매김했다. 셀 수 없이 많은 경전들이 끊임없이 출판되면서, 출판 기술 또한 점진적으로 자동화 되어가는 과정 중 더 이상 인간이 물리적으로 새로운 경전을 만들어내는 데에 관여할 부분이 없어진 그 때에 비로소 홈 프린터가 등장헀다.
누구든 출판의 주체가 될 수 있는 현재, 홈 프린터는 누구나 언제 어디서든 경전을 만들 수 있음을 시사하는 물체로 자리할 수 있었다. 출판의 주체가 신에서 자본과 정부로 전환되었듯이, 모든 사람으로 그 주체가 전환된 지금 우리가 새로 쓸 수 있는 그리고 쓰고 있는 경전, 즉 선언은 무엇일까?
Originally copying work was monastic sacred practice for mental training and publishing scriptures at the same time. It may be a natural result that the act of recording so that the knowledge can be maintained even after death has become religious. Religious acts related to recording acts are still practised to this day through the act of reading scriptures or transcribing for practice in various religious ceremonies.
In the Middle Ages, when religion was the centre of power, these acts of recording also played a role in showing the power of the state. The modern era, in which the centre of power became government and capital, began, and various public affairs performed by religion in medieval times were also carried out by the government and companies. In the process of this transition, the subject of writing and copying scriptures was also changed to the government and companies. Various constitutions, publications, and document works have established themselves as a kind of new scripture in modern society. With countless scriptures constantly published, the process of publishing is increasingly automated and, consequently, the process of creating new scriptures no longer needed human physical participation. And, at that point, home printers emerged.
Now that anyone can be the subject of publishing, home printers have been able to become signifiers that suggest that no matter who can make scriptures no matter when and where. Just as the subject of publication has been converted from God to capital and government, what is the scripture that we are writing and can write now that the subject has been converted to everyone?
The Way of Printer.
#1, 2022, Inkjet printing on paper, plastic bags, a binder., 11.6 x 22.7 cm
#2, 2022, Ink on paper, plastic bags, a binder., 11.6 x 22.7 cm